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Ini Alasan Indonesia Masih Impor Garam dalam Jumlah Besar Setiap Tahun | Databoks
IKLAN

Ini Alasan Indonesia Masih Impor Garam dalam Jumlah Besar Setiap Tahun

Volume Impor Garam dan Produksi Garam (2015-2022*)

Sumber : Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian,

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Penulis: Viva Budy Kusnandar

Editor: Annissa Mutia

23/8/2022, 16.10 WIB

Guna memenuhi kebutuhan domestik, Indonesia harus mengimpor garam dalam jumlah besar setiap tahunnya. Meskipun Indonesia berada di daerah tropis, tidak semua wilayah cocok untuk memproduksi garam.

Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), volume impor garam Indonesia mencapai 2,83 juta ton dengan nilai US$107,5 juta sepanjang 2021. Untuk tahun ini, pemerintah menargetkan impor garam sebanyak 3 juta ton.

Tingginya impor garam tersebut disebabkan antara lain:

  • Garam produksi rakyat belum bisa untuk memenuhi spesifikasi kebutuhan garam industri.
  • Luas lahan produksi garam masih terbatas karena tidak semua wilayah Indonesia sesuai untuk produksi garam.
  • Meskipun terletak di garis khatulistiwa, beberapa wilayah Indonesia sering diwarnai oleh awan/mendung.

Sementara berdasarkan hasil riset Litbang Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP), produksi garam nasional seberat 1,09 juta ton pada tahun lalu. Adapun proyeksi produksi garam tahun ini mencapai 859 ribu ton (prediksi per Juli 2022). Rendahnya proyeksi produksi garam domestik disebabkan oleh faktor alam (cuaca) akibat terjadinya La Nina moderat dan Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) yang tetap bertahan pada fase negatif di awal kemarau ini.

“Sekitar 54% wilayah Indonesia, termasuk sejumlah sentra garam nasional telah mengalami musim kemarau meskipun terpantau masih terjadi hujan,” menurut hasil riset Litbang KKP.

Beberapa tahun terakhir (2020-2022) sedang berlangsung La Nina Berantai. Kondisi serupa pernah terjadi pada periode 1973-1975 dan periode 1998-2000 sehingga mempengaruhi ketersediaan garam pada masa tersebut.

(baca: Ini Daftar Negara Pemasok Garam Impor untuk Indonesia)

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