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Potensi Ekonomi Karbon Indonesia Capai Rp8.000 Triliun, Ini Rinciannya | Databoks
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Potensi Ekonomi Karbon Indonesia Capai Rp8.000 Triliun, Ini Rinciannya

Potensi Ekonomi Karbon Indonesia Berdasarkan Sumber Karbon

Sumber : Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian, Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman & Investasi, 2022

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Cindy Mutia Annur

Editor: Annissa Mutia

28/7/2022, 16.10 WIB

Indonesia berpotensi mendapatkan tambahan pendapatan hingga ribuan triliun dari nilai ekonomi karbon. Pendapatan ekonomi karbon diperoleh dari perdagangan karbon hutan tropis, mangrove, dan gambut.

Menteri Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian Airlangga Hartarto mengatakan, potensi ekonomi karbon RI mencapai US$565,9 miliar atau sekitar Rp8.000 triliun. Menurut dia, sejumlah sektor penyumbang emisi karbon di Indonesia, yakni kehutanan dan lahan, pertanian, energi dan transportasi, limbah, serta proses industri dan penggunaan produk.

"Berbagai kebijakan telah disiapkan untuk menanggulangi emisi karbon di berbagai sektor tersebut," ujar Airlangga dikutip dari Bisnis Indonesia.com, Selasa  15 Maret 2022 lalu.

Di bidang pertanahan, Airlangga mencontohkan, kebijakan yang disiapkan antara lain restorasi gambut, rehabilitasi mangrove, dan pencegahan deforestasi menjadi lahan pertanian. Lalu, di bidang persampahan, termasuk pengelolaan sampah melalui ekonomi sirkular.

Di sektor fiskal, kebijakan yang dilakukan pemerintah mencakup penerapan pajak karbon dan penghapusan subsidi energi secara menyeluruh pada 2030. Kemudian, kebijakan di bidang energi dan transportasi yakni dengan beralih ke kendaraan listrik hingga 95% dari total kendaraan dan menggunakan Energi Baru dan Terbarukan mendekati 100% pada tahun 2060.

Dari Mana Sumbernya?

Data Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki hutan hujan tropis ketiga terbesar di dunia dengan luas area 125,9 juta hektare yang dapat menyerap emisi karbon sebesar 25,18 miliar ton.

Sementara, luas area hutan mangrove di Indonesia saat ini mencapai 3,31 juta hektare yang mampu menyerap emisi karbon sekitar 950 ton karbon per hektare atau setara 33 miliar karbon untuk seluruh hutan mangrove di Indonesia.

Indonesia juga memiliki lahan gambut terluas di dunia dengan area 7,5 juta hektare yang mampu menyerap emisi karbon mencapai sekitar 55 miliar ton.

Dari data tersebut, maka total emisi karbon yang mampu diserap Indonesia kurang lebih sebesar 113,18 gigaton. Jika pemerintah Indonesia dapat menjual kredit karbon dengan harga US$5 di pasar karbon, maka potensi pendapatan Indonesia mencapai US$565,9 miliar.

Alhasil, potensi ekonomi karbon RI yang mencapai Rp8.000 triliun itu apabila dirincikan yakni dari hutan tropis sebesar Rp1.780 triliun, hutan mangrove Rp2.333 triliun, dan lahan gambut Rp3.888 triliun. 

(Baca: Orang Super Kaya RI Hasilkan 42 Ton Emisi Karbon per Tahun)

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