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Apa Itu Parliamentary Threshold? | Databoks Home Apa Itu Parliamentary Threshold? Apa Itu Parliamentary Threshold? Parliamentary Threshold dalam Pemilu di Indonesia (2009-2019)
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Penulis: Viva Budy Kusnandar
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
18/5/2022, 11.30 WIB
Indonesia menerapkan sistem parliamentary threshold atau ambang batas parlemen dalam Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu ) legislatif.
Dengan sistem ini, setiap partai politik harus memenuhi syarat minimal perolehan suara untuk bisa menempatkan wakilnya di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) atau Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD).
(Baca: Inilah 7 Partai yang Tidak Lolos ke Senayan )
Sistem parliamentary threshold pertama kali diterapkan di Indonesia pada Pemilu 2009.
Berdasarkan UU Nomor 10 Tahun 2008, ditetapkan bahwa untuk bisa mendapatkan kursi di parlemen pada Pemilu 2019, partai politik harus memperoleh suara sekurang-kurangnya 2,5% dari total perolehan suara sah secara nasional.
Di tahun tersebut aturan ambang batas parlemen hanya diterapkan untuk DPR, sedangkan DPRD belum.
Kemudian berdasarkan UU Nomor 8 Tahun 2012, mulai Pemilu 2014 sistem ambang batas parlemen diterapkan untuk penentuan kursi DPR dan DPRD. Syarat minimalnya pun dinaikkan menjadi 3,5% dari total suara sah secara nasional.
Lalu berdasarkan UU Nomor 7 Tahun 2017, ambang batas parlemen pada Pemilu 2019 kembali dinaikkan menjadi minimal 4%, baik untuk kursi DPR maupun DPRD.
Di satu sisi, sistem ambang batas parlemen diterapkan untuk mengurangi jumlah partai politik di parlemen dalam rangka menyederhanakan sistem kepartaian.
Namun, di sisi lain ambang batas parlemen ini kerap dinilai sebagai hambatan bagi partai politik kecil untuk masuk ke parlemen.
Sistem parliamentary threshold juga kerap dinilai kontraproduktif bagi praktik demokrasi, karena dapat mengakibatkan terbuangnya suara warga yang memilih partai politik dengan total perolehan suara di bawah ambang batas.
Adapun tahapan persiapan Pemilu 2024 dijadwalkan akan dimulai pada Juni 2022. Sejumlah elite partai politik dikabarkan sudah mulai saling melakukan kunjungan untuk menggalang dukungan.
(Baca: Inilah Ambang Batas Parlemen 2019 )
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