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Perubahan Masa Jabatan Presiden Indonesia Sejak Kemerdekaan, Siapa Presiden Terlama RI? | Databoks
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Perubahan Masa Jabatan Presiden Indonesia Sejak Kemerdekaan, Siapa Presiden Terlama RI?

Masa Jabatan Presiden Indonesia (1945-2022)

Sumber : Berbagai Sumber,

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Viva Budy Kusnandar

Editor: Annissa Mutia

18/4/2022, 16.20 WIB

Isu penundaan Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu) 2024 dan perpanjangan masa jabatan presiden 3 periode telah memunculkan pro dan kontra di masyarakat.

Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 yang telah diamandemen pada Sidang Umum MPR 1999, pada pasal 7 disebutkan bahwa Presiden dan Wakil Presiden memegang jabatan selama lima tahun, dan sesudahnya dapat dipilih kembali dalam jabatan yang sama, hanya untuk satu kali masa jabatan. Dengan demikian, presiden hanya dapat menjabat selama dua periode masa jabatan menurut UUD 1945 setelah diamandemen.

Aturan mengenai masa jabatan presiden telah mengalami beberapa perubahan sejak orde lama hingga di lakukannya amandemen. Di masa Orde Lama, Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Sementara (MPRS) mengangkat Soekarno sebagai presiden Indonesia seumur hidup. Keputusan tersebut tertuang dalam ketetapan MPRS Nomor III/MPRS/1963 tengtang Pengangkatan Pemimpin Besar Revolusi Indonesia Bung Karno menjadi Presiden Seumur Hidup.

Seperti diketahui, Presiden Soekarno menjabat Presiden Republik Indonesia selama 22 tahun dari 18 Agustus 1945-1967.

Pada era Orde Baru, masa jabatan presiden kembali pada amanat UUD 1945 pasal 7. “Presiden dan Wakil Presiden memegang jabatannya selama masa lima tahun, dan sesudahnya dapat dipilih kembali,” demikian bunyi Pasal 7 UUD 1945 sebelum diamandemen.

Dengan demikian presiden terpilih menjabat sebagai presiden dalam masa lima tahun, dan dapat diperpanjang setiap lima tahun hingga waktu yang tidak terbatas.

(Baca: Charta Politika: Presiden Jadi Lembaga Tinggi Negara Paling Dipercaya Publik)

Kondisi tersebut membuat Presiden Soeharto dapat menjabat sebagai Presiden Indonesia lebih dari 31 tahun dari 1967 hingga lengser pada 12 Mei 1998 karena desakan mahasiswa dan masyarakat. Jabatan Presiden Soeharto merupakan yang terlama sejak Indonesia merdeka pada 1945.

Berikut ini daftar masa jabatan Presiden Indonesia:

  1. Soekarno 22 tahun (1945-1967)
  2. Soeharto 31 tahun (1967-1998)
  3. BJ Habibie 1 tahun (1998-1999)
  4. Abdurrahwan Wahid 2 tahun (1999-2001)
  5. Megawati 3 tahun (2001-2004)
  6. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 10 tahun (2004-2014)
  7. Joko Widodo 8 tahun (2014-sekarang)

 

 

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