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Ini Jumlah Kontestan Pemilu dari Era Soekarno sampai Jokowi | Databoks Home Ini Jumlah Kontestan Pemilu dari Era Soekarno sampai Jokowi Ini Jumlah Kontestan Pemilu dari Era Soekarno sampai Jokowi Jumlah Kontestan/Partai Politik Peserta Pemilu (1955-2019) Sumber : Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), 2019
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Penulis: Viva Budy Kusnandar
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
13/4/2022, 18.20 WIB
Presiden Jokowi menegaskan bahwa pemilihan umum (pemilu) akan digelar pada 14 Februari 2024.
Mengacu pada jadwal tersebut, Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) harus sudah memulai tahapan pemilu pada 14 Juni 2022 . Sesuai Pasal 167 Ayat (6) UU No. 7 Tahun 2017 yang menyatakan bahwa KPU harus memulai tahapan pemilu paling lambat 20 bulan sebelum pemungutan suara.
Jika mengingat sejarahnya, pemilu pertama kali dilaksanakan di Indonesia pada 1955.
Menurut catatan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), pemilu satu-satunya di era Soekarno itu diikuti oleh 118 kontestan yang terdiri dari 36 partai politik , 34 organisasi masyarakat, dan 48 calon perorangan untuk memperebutkan kursi DPR.
Pemilu berikutnya dilakukan pada 1971, diikuti oleh 9 partai politik dan 1 organisasi masyarakat, yakni Golongan Karya (Golkar), lagi-lagi untuk memperebutkan kursi DPR.
Kemudian pemilu tahun 1977 sampai 1997 hanya dikuti oleh 2 partai politik, yaitu Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) dan Partai Demokrasi Indonesia (PDI), serta Golkar sebagai organisasi masyarakat. Di periode ini partai-partai politik yang sejenis dileburkan ke PPP atau PDI.
Setelah Presiden Soeharto lengser pada Mei 1998, pemilu kembali diadakan pada 1999. Di era reformasi ini pemilu diikuti oleh 44 partai politik, terdiri dari 38 partai di tingkat nasional dan 6 partai lokal di Aceh.
Pemilu selanjutnya di tahun 2004 tercatat sebagai tonggak demokratisasi Indonesia pascareformasi. Pasalnya, dalam pemilu ini selain anggota DPR dan DPD, presiden dan wakil presiden juga dipilih secara langsung.
Adapun pemilu terakhir dilaksanakan pada 2019 yang diikuti oleh 20 partai politik, terdiri dari 16 partai tingkat nasional dan 4 partai lokal di Aceh. Di momen ini pula Jokowi terpilih sebagai presiden untuk kedua kalinya.
Berikut rincian jumlah kontestan pemilu selama periode 1955-2019:
1955: 118 parpol/kontestan 1971: 10 parpol/kontestan 1977: 3 parpol/kontestan 1982: 3 parpol/kontestan 1987: 3 parpol/kontestan 1992: 3 parpol/kontestan 1997: 3 parpol/kontestan 1999: 44 parpol/kontestan 2004: 24 parpol/kontestan 2009: 44 parpol/kontestan 2014: 15 parpol/kontestan 2019: 20 parpol/kontestan (Baca Juga: 101 Kepala Daerah Lengser Tahun Ini, Pemilu dan Pilkada Tetap 2024 )
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