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10 Gempa Bumi Paling Mematikan Sepanjang Sejarah, Tsunami Aceh Masuk Daftar | Databoks
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10 Gempa Bumi Paling Mematikan Sepanjang Sejarah, Tsunami Aceh Masuk Daftar

10 Gempa Paling Mematikan Sepanjang Sejarah Dunia

Sumber : Our World In Data,

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Monavia Ayu Rizaty

Editor: Annissa Mutia

17/3/2022, 16.00 WIB

Gempa bumi menjadi salah satu bencana alam yang paling banyak memakan korban jiwa sepanjang sejarah dunia. Selama periode 2010 hingga 2019 misalnya, gempa bumi menelan korban meninggal dunia hingga 267.480 jiwa secara global.

Sejarah mencatat, gempa bumi terbesar sepanjang sejarah pernah terjadi di di daerah Valdivia, kota di selatan Chili pada 1950. Gempa berkekuatan 9,5 skala richter ini setidaknya merenggut korban jiwa sebanyak 1.655 dan membuat 2 juta orang harus kehilangan tempat tinggal. 

Berikut ini deretan 10 gempa bumi yang paling banyak memakan korban jiwa sepanjang sejarah dunia.

  1. Shaanxi (Tiongkok, tahun 1556) – 830.000 korban tewas
  2. Port-au-Prince (Haiti, tahun 2010) – 316.000 korban tewas
  3. Antakya (Turki, tahun 115) – 260.000 korban tewas
  4. Antakya (Turki, tahun 525) – 250.000 korban tewas
  5. Tangshan (Tiongkok, tahun 1976) – 242.769 korban tewas
  6. Gyzndzha (Azerbaijan, tahun 1139) – 230.000 korban tewas
  7. Aceh, Sumatera (Indonesia, tahun 2004) – 227.899 korban tewas
  8. Damghan (Iran, tahun 856) – 200.000 korban tewas
  9. Gansu (Tiongkok, tahun 1920) - 200.000 korban tewas
  10. Dvin (Armenia, tahun 893) – 150.000 korban tewas

Gempa bumi di Provinsi Shannxi Tiongkok tercatat sebagai gempa bumi paling mematikan dalam sejarah dunia dengan korban tewas mencapai 830.000 orang. Gempa berkekuatan 8 magnitudo tersebut dirasakan di  97 kabupaten dan area seluas 836,9 km hancur. Di beberapa kabupaten, sebanyak 60% populasinya diperkirakan tewas.

Gempa Sumatera yang terjadi di Aceh juga masuk dalam daftar gempa paling mematikan di dunia karena menewaskan 227.899 orang. Gempa ini memicu tsunami dengan gelombang mencapai 13 meter yang menimpa sebagian besar Provinsi Aceh dan beberapa daerah lainnya di pesisir barat Pulau Sumatera.

(Baca Selengkapnya: 5 Peristiwa Banjir Paling Mematikan Sepanjang Sejarah)

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