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Diberondong Sanksi Negara Barat, Ekonomi Rusia Terancam Runtuh | Databoks
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Diberondong Sanksi Negara Barat, Ekonomi Rusia Terancam Runtuh

Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Rusia (2000-2021*)

Sumber : World Bank,

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Viva Budy Kusnandar

Editor: Annissa Mutia

4/3/2022, 09.30 WIB

Negara-negara barat bakal memberikan sanksi terhadap Rusia setelah negara tersebut melakukan invasi ke Ukraina pada 24 Februari 2022. Sanksi tersebut dapat berdampak buruk terhadap perekonomian Negeri Beruang Merah tersebut.

Seperti diketahui, Rusia merupakan salah satu negara pengekspor komoditas energi dan komoditas lainnya ke Uni Eropa maupun negara lainnya. Dengan demikian, sanksi ekonomi dapat mengganggu perekonomian negara tersebut.

Di hari pertama dimulainya perang, harga saham di bursa Moscow sempat anjlok lebih dari 50%. Demikian pula mata uang Rusia, rubel sempat terdepresiasi lebih dari 10% terhadap dolar Amerika Serikat.

Berdasarkan data Bank Dunia (World Bank) ekonomi Rusia tumbuh 4,3% pada kuartal III 2021 dibandingkan dengan kuartal III 2020 (Year on Year/YoY). Sedangkan sepanjang 2020, perekonomian negara yang dipimipin oleh Presiden Vladimir Putin tersebut mengalami kontraksi 2,95% akibat terjadinya pandemi Covid-19.

Sebagai informasi, perekonomian Rusia pada 2020 mencapai US$ 1,48 triliun atau setara Rp 20,92 kuadriliun (dengan kurs Rp 14.105 per US$). Nilai tersebut menempatkan Rusia di urutan ke-11 sebagai negara dengan perekonomian terbesar dunia pada 2020.

(Baca: Rusia Invasi Ukraina, Mata Uang Rubel Anjlok 13% Hari Ini)

Pasca runtuhnya Uni Soviet 1991, ekonomi Rusia mengalami kontraksi berkepanjangan hingga 1998 seperti terlihat pada grafik. Negara yang sebelumnya tergabung dalam bagian Uni Soviet tersebut bahkan sempat mengalami kontraksi sedalam 14,53% pada 1992.

Sepanjang 2000-2020, produk domestik bruto (PDB) Rusia mengalami kontraksi sebanyak 3 kali. Terdalam terjadi pada 2009, di mana pertumbuhan ekonomi negara tersebut mengalami pertumbuhan negatif sedalam 7,8%.

(Baca: Perdagangan Indonesia-Rusia Meningkat 42% pada 2021)

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