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Meski Ada Skenario Low Carbon, Emisi CO2 Indonesia Terus Bertambah | Databoks
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Meski Ada Skenario Low Carbon, Emisi CO2 Indonesia Terus Bertambah

Proyeksi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (CO2) dalam Skenario Low Carbon (2021-2030)

Sumber : Perusahaan Listrik Negara, PT (Persero) PLN, 5 Oktober 2021

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Penulis: Reza Pahlevi

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

18/2/2022, 17.00 WIB

 Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) telah membuat skenario bauran energi low carbon atau rendah emisi karbon untuk periode 2021-2030.

Skenario low carbon PLN memuat rencana penambahan bauran energi baru dan terbarukan (EBT) sebesar 23% mulai 2025, serta pengurangan porsi batu bara dari 66,98% menjadi 59,4% pada 2030.

Namun, dalam skenario low carbon tersebut emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) diproyeksikan akan tetap meningkat dari 259,1 juta ton CO2 pada 2021 menjadi 334,6 juta ton CO2 pada 2030.

Emisi CO2 Paling Banyak dari Batu Bara

Jika dilihat berdasarkan bahan bakarnya, jumlah emisi GRK dalam skenario low carbon PLN paling banyak berasal dari pembakaran batu bara.

Emisi GRK dari batu bara diproyeksikan meningkat 34,5% dari 222,2 juta ton CO2 pada 2021 menjadi 298,9 juta ton CO2 pada 2030.

Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa batu bara tetap akan menjadi sumber energi utama Indonesia pada 2030, meski persentasenya turun dibanding tahun 2021.

Selanjutnya, masih dalam skenario low carbon PLN, emisi gas diproyeksikan meningkat 21,8% dari 27,9 juta ton CO2 pada 2021 menjadi 34 juta ton CO2 pada 2030.

Adapun yang diproyeksikan turun hanya emisi dari bahan bakar minyak (BBM). Emisi BBM rencananya dikurangi 81%, dari 9 juta ton CO2 pada 2021 menjadi 1,7 juta ton CO2 pada 2030.

Skenario Low Carbon Lebih Baik dari Skenario Lain

Meski tren emisinya tetap meningkat, skenario low carbon memiliki emisi lebih rendah dibandingkan 'skenario optimal' dan skenario 'business as usual' (BAU) yang disusun PLN.

Dalam skenario optimal PLN, bauran energi baru dan terbarukan (EBT) ditambah menjadi 23% mulai tahun 2025, namun penggunaan batu bara masih tinggi dengan porsi sekitar 64%. Skenario ini diproyeksikan menghasilkan emisi GRK sebanyak 363 juta ton CO2 pada 2030.

Sedangkan dalam skenario business as usual (BAU) PLN, sama sekali tidak ada penambahan EBT ataupun teknologi rendah karbon pada bauran energi nasional. Skenario ini diproyeksikan menghasilkan emisi GRK 433 juta ton CO2 pada 2030.

(Baca: Sektor Energi Jadi Penyumbang Terbesar Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca)

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