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Akibat Pandemi, Pengetahuan Siswa Indonesia Hanya Setara 7 Tahun Belajar | Databoks
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Akibat Pandemi, Pengetahuan Siswa Indonesia Hanya Setara 7 Tahun Belajar

Proyeksi Learning Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) Akibat Penutupan Sekolah

Sumber : Worldbank, Desember 2021

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Penulis: Dwi Hadya Jayani

Editor: Annissa Mutia

6/1/2022, 18.00 WIB

Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan siswa Indonesia kehilangan kesempatan belajar (learning losses) akibat adanya penutupan sekolah untuk menekan laju penularan virus corona. Menurut Human Capital Index 2020, seorang anak Indonesia diharapkan menyelesaikan 12,4 tahun sekolah, tetapi pengetahuan yang diterima hanya 7,8 tahun belajar.

Indikator tersebut disebut dengan learning adjustment years of schooling (LAYS). Afkar dan Yarrow dalam laporan Bank Dunia Desember 2021 memperkirakan bahwa penutupan sekolah hingga akhir Juni 2021 menurunkan LAYS menjadi 6,9 tahun. Perkiraan ini dengan asumsi efektivitas pembelajaran jarak jauh adalah 40 persen.

LAYS dapat menurun lebih lanjut menjadi 6,7 dengan asumsi efektivitas pembelajaran jarak jauh sebesar 20%. Kemudian, LAYS menjadi 6,6 tahun dengan asumsi efektivitas pembelajaran jarak jauh adalah 10%.

Skor membaca PISA yang mengukur tingkat belajar membaca anak usia 15 tahun diperkirakan menurun dari 371 menjadi 346. 

Patrinos dan Donnelly (2021) menemukan bahwa siswa sekolah dasar lebih rentan terhadap kehilangan belajar daripada siswa sekolah menengah. Ini dikarenakan ketidakmampuan mereka untuk mencari pembelajaran secara mandiri karena perbedaan kemampuan perkembangan dan kognitif.

(Baca: Siswa SD Dominasi Jumlah Pelajar di Indonesia pada Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021)

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